Our Changing Concept of Wilderness and an Interesting Thought Experiment
By Fred Paillet, OS Education Chair Virtually everyone reading this newsletter believes passionately in wilderness. We think of John Muir, Aldo Leopold, Bob Marshall and the Murie brothers whenever we hear that word. The concept is easy for us in this country to grasp because we can envision a time when this land was a true wilderness as portrayed by the first European visitors. The latest thinking has been modified to realize that Native Americans had been manipulating the landscape well before European settlers arrived. This certainly must have involved fire and at least some conversion to cropland. For example, the historic Black Hawk War (or massacre if you want to be more precise) was fought over a landscape previously modified by prehistoric inhabitants. When the Sac leaders reluctantly agreed to restrict themselves to land west of the Mississippi, the tribal labor forces (women) were confronted with the daunting task of creating new fields from undeveloped woodland with simple hoes and hatchets. They naturally began to infiltrate back to their old haunts where earlier years of their hard work had rendered the soil easily worked. Pioneers were incensed by this egregious treaty violation and that [...]